Browne began his surgical career in Norwich, later moving to London to become Surgeon in Ordinary to Charles II. In 1678 he published two works, A Compleat treatise of preternatural tumours, and A compleat discourse on wounds. A treatise on scrofula, 'The king's evil', appeared in 1684 entitled, Adenochoiradelogia. Browne is remembered chiefly, however, for his treatise on the muscles, which first appeared in 1681 under the title: A Compleat Treatise of the Muscles. Later English editions and Latin translations were entitled: Myographia nova. The text of this treatise is a slight modification, without acknowledgement, of William Molins's Myskotomia, or, The anatomical administration of all the muscles of an humane body (London, 1648). The thirty-seven full-page engravings, drawn by various artists, and engraved by Nicholas Yeates, were taken from other sources, principally from Casseri, also without acknowledgement. The plates are well engraved, though inferior to Casseri's, and are often altered. Plate 27, for instance, lacks the background landscape of Casseri's. The background to plate 12 is altered from Casseri's natural landscape to a luxurious bed, and the figure's penis monstrously enlarged. Browne's plagiarisms were unmasked by James Yonge in a pamphlet entitled, Medicaster medicatus, or, A remedy for the itch of scribbling (London, 1685). Nevertheless, Myographia was a popular book, and was re-issued in English in 1683, 1697, 1698 and 1705, and in Latin (London, 1684; Leiden 1687 and 1690; and Amsterdam, 1694).